What is the main purpose of the Clean Water Act?

The main purpose of the Clean Water Act is to control water pollution. This federal law, enacted in 1972, establishes the framework for regulating discharges of pollutants into the waters of the United States and sets quality standards for surface waters. Its primary objective is to restore and maintain the integrity of the nation's waters by preventing point and non-point source pollution, ensuring cleaner waterways for various uses, including recreation, drinking water, and wildlife habitat.

While the Act indirectly influences sewage treatment improvement, water infrastructure, and land use through its regulations, the central focus remains on controlling pollutants to enhance water quality. This comprehensive approach helps to protect aquatic ecosystems and promote public health through better management of water resources.